Reflecting attention to auditory and visual working memory in older adults with cochlear implants
I'm a second year master's student at the University of Toronto Institute of Medical Science. I have recently completed my research project under the supervision of Dr. Claude Alain where I studied older adults with cochlear implants (CI) and their ability to orient attention towards items in working memory. I am particularly interested in the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive decline among older adults, and the cognitive outcomes after hearing restoration.
Reflecting attention to auditory and visual working memory in older adults with cochlear implants
Cochlear implantation is a well-established means of restoring hearing to individuals with severe-profound hearing loss. It significantly improves verbal communication for many users, despite substantial variability in patients’ reports and performance on speech perception tests and quality-of-life outcome measures. Such variability in outcome measures remains several years after implantation and could be related to complex interactions between hearing restoration and attention. The current study assessed the ability to orient attention to an item held in visual or auditory working memory (i.e., reflective attention) in cochlear implant (CI) users. Participants completed a delayed match-to-sample task in which a visual gradient and a piano tone were presented simultaneously. A cue (i.e., retro-cue) retrospectively oriented their attention to the item in visual or auditory working memory. The cue was followed by a probe of which participants were asked to indicate whether it matched the cued item in working memory. The behavioural results indicated that CI users and age-matched normal hearing adults exhibit comparable performance in reflective attention towards visual and auditory memory. Although CI users have had a history of severe deafness and experience coarse sound information, they are able to retrospectively orient their attention to an item in visual or auditory working memory at the normal level. This reflective attention ability in CI users remains stable after one year of CI use.